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Reviews on Environmental Health Jun 2020The National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Hazardous Substances Basic Research and Training Program [Superfund... (Review)
Review
The National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Hazardous Substances Basic Research and Training Program [Superfund Research Program (SRP)] funds transdisciplinary research projects spanning the biomedical and environmental sciences to address issues related to potentially hazardous substances. We used a case study approach to identify how SRP-funded basic biomedical research has had an impact on society. We examined how transdisciplinary research projects from the SRP have advanced knowledge and led to additional clinical, public health, policy, and economic benefits. SRP basic biomedical research findings have contributed to the body of knowledge and influenced a broad range of scientific disciplines. It has informed the development of policies and interventions to reduce exposure to environmental contaminants to improve public health. Research investments by the SRP have had a significant impact on science, health, and society. Documenting the benefits of these investments provides insight into how basic research is translated to real-world applications.
Topics: Environmental Health; Hazardous Substances; Humans; Interdisciplinary Research; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (U.S.); United States
PubMed: 32543458
DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2019-0104 -
Frontiers in Surgery 2022
PubMed: 35800115
DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.936922 -
The Journal of Medical Investigation :... 2020Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are hemorrhagic vascular diseases in which arteries and veins are directly connected with no capillary bed between the two. We herein... (Review)
Review
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are hemorrhagic vascular diseases in which arteries and veins are directly connected with no capillary bed between the two. We herein introduce the results of basic research of this disease and surgical techniques based on our data and experiences. The results obtained from our research show that cell death- and inflammation-related molecules changed or became activated compared with control specimens. These findings indicate that chronic inflammation occurs in and around the nidus of AVMs. Various molecules are involved in the mechanisms of cell death and angiogenesis during this process. Confirmation of blood flow in the nidus is very important to avoid hemorrhagic complications during surgical removal of the nidus. The risk of hemorrhage increases when the blood flow in the nidus is not reduced. We reported the advantages of serial indocyanine green videoangiography, which is used to assess the blood flow during AVM nidus removal. Since publication of the ARUBA trial and Scottish Audit, treatments with high morbidity have not been allowed. It is especially important for neurosurgeons to treat low Spetzler-Martin grade AVMs with low morbidity. J. Med. Invest. 67 : 222-228, August, 2020.
Topics: Humans; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations
PubMed: 33148892
DOI: 10.2152/jmi.67.222 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2023
PubMed: 36994000
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1150169 -
Neuron Oct 2021In an interview with Neuron, Ishmail Abdus-Saboor talks about the future of team science and how the pandemic has renewed faith in basic research, and he emphasizes the...
In an interview with Neuron, Ishmail Abdus-Saboor talks about the future of team science and how the pandemic has renewed faith in basic research, and he emphasizes the importance of humanity and diversity in science for fueling innovation and equal talent needing equal opportunity.
Topics: COVID-19; Cultural Diversity; Humans; Interdisciplinary Research; Minority Groups; Neurosciences; Pain; SARS-CoV-2; Work-Life Balance
PubMed: 34672975
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.09.026 -
Medical Science Monitor Basic Research Jun 2018The greatest challenge facing medicine today involves the so-called non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This is true regardless of whether one's location is considered...
The greatest challenge facing medicine today involves the so-called non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This is true regardless of whether one's location is considered high-income, middle-income, or low-income. Basic research at all "OMICs" system levels will be significant in uncovering causal links that create NCD vulnerabilities in mind, brain, body, and society. Therefore, meeting this 21st century challenge by improving NCD management and prevention around the world will rely on advancement in this type of basic research.
Topics: Humans; Noncommunicable Diseases
PubMed: 29904042
DOI: 10.12659/MSMBR.911473 -
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2020Genotoxicity is one of the key endpoints investigated as early as possible before marketing a product [...].
Genotoxicity is one of the key endpoints investigated as early as possible before marketing a product [...].
PubMed: 33092160
DOI: 10.3390/nano10102073 -
Biomaterials Advances Aug 2023More than fifty years after the 3Rs definition and despite the continuous implementation of regulatory measures, animals continue to be widely used in basic research.... (Review)
Review
More than fifty years after the 3Rs definition and despite the continuous implementation of regulatory measures, animals continue to be widely used in basic research. Their use comprises not only in vivo experiments with animal models, but also the production of a variety of supplements and products of animal origin for cell and tissue culture, cell-based assays, and therapeutics. The animal-derived products most used in basic research are fetal bovine serum (FBS), extracellular matrix proteins such as Matrigel™, and antibodies. However, their production raises several ethical issues regarding animal welfare. Additionally, their biological origin is associated with a high risk of contamination, resulting, frequently, in poor scientific data for clinical translation. These issues support the search for new animal-free products able to replace FBS, Matrigel™, and antibodies in basic research. In addition, in silico methodologies play an important role in the reduction of animal use in research by refining the data previously to in vitro and in vivo experiments. In this review, we depicted the current available animal-free alternatives in in vitro research.
Topics: Animals; Animal Testing Alternatives; Animal Welfare; Models, Animal; Research Design
PubMed: 37146527
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213428 -
National Science Review Feb 2022
PubMed: 35198220
DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac014